Complex process of human development

Complex process of human developmentIntroductionHuman breeding varies from a person to person and is a highly complex process1. It develops as a result of the effect of various factors influencing the growth at different stages in a life date of an individual. The following essay is divided into two parts. In part one, we will be analysing the bunk of a professional practitioner and for this I collapse interviewed the offspringfulness formulateer of St Andrews perform in Charminster. In part two, we will be examining a real life eluding study which centres on the riddle of ascension and we shall analyse it in detail looking at the various issues surrounding it and the possible solutions. green person WorkerCharminster is one of the billets in Bournemouth which is constantly monitored by the police due to the presence of drug dealers and high crime rates within teenagers. Therefore, especially here the young thespian is an important division in the development of the c ommunity. Youth hunters promote the personal, educational and mixer development of juvenile people. Roger Baker, who is the current early days worker of St Andrews, says that workings in Charminster is a challenge and an interesting place to work. Roger has 10 years of rich Christian youth work experience and prior to that he worked with the council as a youth worker and also as a probationer officer.Job DescriptionHis overall objective is to increase the churchs community involvement with the young people, to strengthen the bloods with the local tutors, to work in partnership with other organisations to engage with the young people for their welf ar and development.Mainly his role on a yearly basis includesAssessing the needs of young people, running various youth conjunctions on Friday nights for the youth of the community.Multi agency working in line with the informal youth project. Agencies like Bournemouth Youth Services, Youth anger Team, Connexions and Bournemouth Council. Alsoacting as an advocate for young peoples interests and presenting them to the required agency.Taking the Bible studies during the week for different age groups and discipling the young people into a Christ like character.Managing underdeveloped the youth and community projects and resourcesServing the needs of the young people in the community including the de restry of sports programmes, supporting recreational activities, providing advice and counselling.Drawing up business plans, writing reports and making formal presentations to funding bodies.Over and beyond the job description the youth worker does many more(prenominal)(prenominal) informal activities for the church and the community.Advantages of the roleSince antecedently Roger worked with the council as a layman youth worker, now he compares his former role to his present role as a Christian youth worker and says that the latter has more advantages and more opportunities.As a secular youth worker in case of emergency he couldnt drive in a car alone with a young person. Besides, he say that they worked only during their working hours in a day after(prenominal) which they didnt think or so youth work at all and they worked just beca engage its their job and spent less time with the youth. Now, he says that Christian youth work role is more relaxed and flourishing with no establish timings to work and therefore he deal tension on a particular issue or work giving it the time required in order to resolve or to work on it. According to Bruce Britton, what young people want from their youth workers is non their organisational ability, but willingness to focus and to listen to their views and spend time with them as per their availability.2 Though this is Rogers perspective, however I think this is how youth workers actually need be irrespective of whether they are secular or religious feeling comfortable with time and spending meaningful time with the youth.He tell that he had less opportunities for detached youth work whilst working with the council. If a young person had a problem they had to lessen to the centre, only then they could help them. But now they can operate without the use of a centre and can go to the place where young people are, both geographically and developmentally. He gave an example where one young guy (19 yrs) called him and said that he had an interview and was little nervous and asked him to accompany him to the interview. So Roger did accompany that young person which made the young person feel confident. He said that this wouldnt have been possible if he had been with the council. According to Erik Eriksons 8 stages of development youth who are 19-25 yrs wrestle with the Isolation versus Intimacy.3 This is the stage where they need someone to guide, comfort and ground a relationship with them.Stresses and StrainsIn his work there are few stresses and strains which they are trying to work out. He says the main issue is the ever ev er-changing staff team with in the youth team. People who begin to help as volunteers or those who come on placement stick with the youth club for 6-12 months and then they move to a different place. He says that this is where the whole problem lies with maintaining continued relationships with the youth. Suddenly that person moves out and a red-hot staff section who works with a different approach or method takes more time to wee-wee that same relationship with the youth and because of that there is no consistency.They soon get close to 40-60 kids during a Friday youth club and low staff resourcing is a problem in supervising these kids. Another issue he raised(a) was that of finances. They have enough projects and plans for the local youth, but they lack funds to run these projects. Also he says that since its a church setting, for effective discipleship of youngsters the church needs to come and help the youth groups on a random basis supporting the youth worker.Skills for sufficeRoger is a trained professional in the area of youth work. He did few former roles like youth worker and probationer office with the local council. His role as a youth worker with the church is twofold. The first task according to his priority is working with the unchurched youth of the community contributing to their growth and development and the second aspect being discipling and nurturing the youth of the church.He a cover keeps himself updated with some of the books written by youth and community workers. He said that the book Joined Up An Introduction to Youth Work and Ministry4 with itsfour subject matter values of youth work voluntary participation, empowerment, equality of opportunity and informal education were really helpful and gave a great insight in intellectual the youth work within the church and outside the church.He used to draw his skill for his youth work from the national occupational standards of the National Youth Agency when he started working wi th the youth. However now he draws his expertise from various available sources. He subscribes to the major youth work magazines and draws the latest intelligence and developments from them. Sometimes he does take the Sunday Bible studies for the youth from the Youth Work magazine and basically he goes by the current trend of the youth compared to the prescribed theory within the youth work.Theory to PracticeThe challenging part of the youth work is executing the theory into practice. When I asked him for a live example he shared with me the story of a young person whose found is Allan and he was aged 13.5 Allan was looking behavioural school and was in pettifoggery with the police for couple of times. His mother is in recovery from drugs and his bugger off lives somewhere else. There were complaints from his neighbours and went finished isolation in the school. The whole idea in working with this young person was to gain his trust and to give him responsibility and contact wi th other young people to develop social skills with his peers. Josh McDowell, says that teens that are susceptible to rejection and peer persecution come from theaters of broken families and its is not important to minimize their pain but to give them a chance to express themselves without reproach in a loving relationship.6 Since they need a chance to express themselves in a loving relationship, Allan was asked to help in tuck shop and rewarded him with a voucher to spend. He also helped as a leader during juniors youth club. Roger did school visits with Allan and his mum to look around the school and to meet the staff and pupils. With a bit of systematic counselling there is a change in Allan today.7In his practice he says that reflection plays a vital role and he oft reflects on this practise and develops his youth work as the situation demands. He also made an important comment saying that theory doesnt work always. We need to go out of the box especially when working with t he teenagers. In his words Theory is nothing but suggested practice, but suggested practice is not always the right one. So always go according to the situation and create the theory.Case Study RebellionIn my youth group I have this guy whose name Ill keep it anonymous and for the purpose of this essay we shall call him Joe. Joe comes to the youth Bible study that I lead every Thursday. He comes to that group not because he likes it, but only because his dress hat mate comes to this group and partly also because he gets a tuck of crisps and a drink. The main issue as I categorize it with Joe was Rebellion. Especially with teenagers the word rebellion sounds synonymous with them. We will be looking at this in more depth with the PARC steps of Theory-Practice model.PracticeJoe, who is 14 years old lives with his both parents and has an elder babe who is four years older than him. Both his parents are Christian and are actively refer in the church activities. His sister sometimes c omes to the various youth groups and often helps the staff team in supervising the groups. Joe is an average student at school and is brilliant at sports, especially football and cricket. He plays for his school and also in some different leagues. If I organise any cricket touch within the church, he is my key player of my team. Joes mum loves him very much and wants him to be a good Christian but Joe thinks that his mom is asking something infeasible from him. I have heard Joe couple of times saying, Im not a Christian, just because of my mum I come to church, I dont believe in God, He doesnt talk anyways, My dad never keeps his promises, last night he said that he would watch a football match with me and he didnt turn up, My sister is in her own conception. There is a lot of confusion and agitation going inside of Joe, which is ultimately resulting in his rebellion against his family. Key point to be noted here is that his rebellion is mainly seen on his spiritual side though i t has its effects on his physical and social aspects.AnalysisFrom his background we can clearly see that his problem is mainly coming through his own family. Joe is in his key transitioning period of moving from dependency to independence. He is going through a lot of changes like biological, cognitive, psychological and spiritual and all of these changes in one way or the other are contributing to his discomfort and rebellion. childhood experiences, environmental stresses and hazards can also influence his problem during this stage, but in my view these dont explicitly affect him.8 In his situation we can the main causes of rebellion are due toPoor relationship with his family I agree with Josh McDowell where he says when parents try to lay down rules without first establishing a real relationship with their kids, they sow seeds of rebellion.9 In Joes situation that was the exact problem. Though he doesnt show an outward rebellion directly he is growing an inward rebellion which is very unhealthy for his personal development. His poor relationship with his sister adds to his predicament.Discipline method On the Sunday morning Joes mum asks him if he is coming to the Church and his universal reply is NO and then carries on sleeping. I think Joes parents are too lenient on their methods of discipline with Joe. Proverbs 226 says that parents should train a child in the way he should go. I am not saying that they have to be threatening or smacking him and make him come to church but the lack of strict discipline from his childhood and being lenient on him is one of the causes.Anger and Frustration Olson tells that rebellious behaviour is caused by aggressive impulses that are turned inward.10 In Joe we see that he is frustrated with God and at times is angry with his mum and dad. This Anger is being suppressed and hence leading to a rebellious nature in Joe.When we look at this rebellious nature in Joe, the main person who is being moved(p) is his mother. Ev ery time I ask her about Joe, she looks very concerned and worried. Whenever she talks about him, her eyes are filled with tears and sometimes have sleepless nights. I dont know about Joe, but his mother looks like she is going through depression and there is this anxiety and fear in her about her child. Comparatively his mother is getting affected by his rebellion than himself.Relating TheoryOlson cautions that counselling rebellious and delinquent youth is a very difficult, slow and often frustrating task and success might be marginal at best.11 From a biblical perspective Bible is very straight forward to kids who are rebellious. Deuteronomy 2716 says that cursed is the man who dishonours his father or mother. God gives a lot of importance in honouring ones parents. The fifth commandment is to honour ones parents. Proverbs 101 says a wise son brings joy to his father,but a foolish son grief to his mother. There is a very harsh Old volition law which talks about a rebellious son. Deuteronomy 2118-21 says, If a man has a stubborn and rebellious son who does not obey his father and mother and will not listen to them when they discipline him,then all the men of his town shall stone him to death.Joes situation is not as bad as the supra passage therefore a clear biblical and psychological counselling is sufficient to solve his problem. I am currently working on Joes case. I lead the Junior Pathfinders group on Thursday evenings. I asked the group to come up with all kinds of questions that they face regularly at school or in the community so that I can prepare Bible studies exclusively addressing those questions. Joe came up with few questions like, Why should I be a Christian in the first place?, Can I really feel God?, These are tough and genuine questions for a young person and I thought it was right to address these first and we looked at one question each week, looking at its consequences and how to deal with them both biblically and in practice.On a psych ological level, Josh McDowell gives a good pattern to deal with this problem and that is in the form of an acrostic LEADER.12 It goes in this orderListen Rebellious teenagers often expect criticisms or Bible verses. Listen with the eyes as well as with the ears and understand where they are coming from.Empathize Reflecting and trying to see the things through the eyes of the young person.Affirm Affirming the honesty to come and talk with you and the goodness within that teen.Direct Here we outline a structure of direction working towards a negotiated agreement and long term plans in dealing with their rebellious nature.Enlist The teenager must be convinced that rebellion is not the best way to respond by which he slowly eliminates that character. This is cognitive strategy.Refer In extreme cases where it cannot be handled, then he has to be referred to the respective more qualified counsellor with their parents consent.Overall his parents also need counselling. The two essential dim ensions of parenting are relationship (support) and empowerment (guidance).13 Their relationship with Joe needs to be first set right before going on to the empowerment. They need to start fulfilling their promises and need to make a full effort not to disappoint him in the forthcoming with their promises.ChangeThere are many things that could have been done. In this case Joes sister can come into picture and can be a lot of emotional help and someone with whom he can identify with in his family. Since his mates at the youth group are his main interest in coming to the group, his friends can help him to overcome this rebellion with encouragement and support. one time happened can always potentially take place again, so in case of a future similar rebellious behaviour we need to quickly assess the root of the rebellion and start working from there till the problem is resolved.ConclusionDevelopmental psychology is an endless fascinating topic especially because teens of similar ages develop at different rates according to their cognitive capabilities and social status. Anyone who decides to work on any developmental issues one has to clearly understand the underlying cause and effects according to the age of the person. Methodology and techniques are harmonic with the work of the Spirit and therefore its very imperative that as Christians we need to depend on the Spirit as much as we depend on our methods in counselling.Appendix 1Robbie-20 YearsBackground Low attendance at school. Biological father with drink problems. Step dad smoking cannabis. mum holding down three part time jobs. Robbie in bottom sets in all of his classes. Bullied by others living on the same housing estate. Once having to go to A and E because of injuries sustained. Grandparents supportive and positive influence. Spending long periods of time at home in fear of going out alone.Priorities To build up Robbies confidence and self esteem. No exams being taken in year 11. Need to find alte rnative qualifications. Get him involved in a hobby or sport. Support mum with time management with multiple jobs and siblings. Obtain and pass information to step dad with regards to the effects of smoking cannabis and the legal implications.Action Get Robbie involved in setting up and helping at youth club. Sign him for local football team and to attend training one night a week. Offer to the school an extended work experience placement. Complete an Asdan award scheme. Attend a youth world cup competition in Sweden, 1500 teams from all over the world. Raise money for trip by sponsored walk and car washing. Secure some private coach from ex professional goal keeper to increase Robbies ability and confidence. Support application for training courses later to support application to join the Army. Currently after sustaining an injury waiting to re- apply in June 2010.Elliot-19 YearsBackground Mum and dad living unneurotic but for previous 15 years slews of arguments and living apa rt for periods of time. Police involved and accusations made by mum towards Elliot and dad but never proven. Mum using two names at different times with different people. At least twice Elliot coming home from school and finding her after she had taken overdoses of tablets and being submitted to hospital. Moved home several times sometimes with dad and sometimes with mum. Elliot was kicked out of home several times whilst living with mum. Attending school outside of the area locomotion daily to attend a distance of about thirty miles.Priorities To stabilize some of Elliots circumstances giving some consistency. Speak with mum and dad to clip long term issues. Get him involved with youth club. Help with anger management. Find group to support mums behavior. Build father son relationship.Action kick upstairs mum to attend overcomers outreach a twelve step recovery group meeting. Get father and son to attend and help at youth club. Work alongside Elliot to discuss how he feels in cer tain situations that then turns to anger and methods to deal with that anger. Support Elliot during the times when mum and dad are not together more recently to support an application for Elliot to obtain a place in the YMCA having been kicked out of home December 2009 after an argument with dad and his new girlfriend. Currently no contact with mum. April 2010 help Elliot to move from the YMCA to Fortuna house supported lodgings for around twelve young residents. Support Elliot to secure a place on a full time training course prior to finding a job.BibliographyBalswick, Judy., and Balswick, Jack., Piper, Boni., Piper, Don, Relationship-Empowerment Parenting, Grand Rapids Baker Books, 2003.Boyd, Denise., Bee, Helen, Lifespan Development, 5th (ed.), Pearson, 2009.Britton, Bruce., Youth Workers as Social Workers, in Jeffs, Tony and Smith, Mark, (ed.), Youth Work, London Macmillan Press, 1987.Brierley, Danny, Joined Up Introduction to Youth work and ministry, Authentic Media, 2003.Brie rley, Peter, Reaching and Keeping Tweenagers, London Christian Research, 2002.Flannagan, Andy, classifiable Worship How a new generation connects with God, Authentic Media, 2004.Geldard, Kathryn., and Geldard, David, Counselling Adolescents, second (ed.), London sharp-witted Publications, 2004.Greene, Roberta., and Kropf, Nancy, Human Behavior Theory A Diversity Framework, 2nd (ed.), AldineTransaction, 2009.McDowell, Josh., and Hostetler, Bob, Josh McDowells Handbook on Counselling Youth, Word Publishing, 1996.Olson, Keith, Counselling Teenagers, Loveland Group Books, 1984.Denise Boyd Helen Bee, Lifespan Development, 5th (ed.), Pearson, 2009, 3.Bruce Britton, Youth Workers as Social Workers, in Tony Jeffs and Mark Smith, (ed.), Youth Work, London Macmillan Press, 1987, 25.Roberta Greene, Nancy Kropf, Human Behavior Theory A Diversity Framework, 2nd (ed.), AldineTransaction, 2009, 84.Danny Brierley, Joined Up An Introduction to Youth Work and Ministry, Authentic Media, 2002.The nam e of the young person is changed due to disclosure and privacy reasons.Josh McDowell and Bob Hostetler, Josh McDowells Handbook on Counselling Youth, Word Publishing, 1996, 162-163.During my interview Roger shared couple of more examples. Listing those examples are not under the scope of this essay. Please see appendix 1 for a detailed description.Kathryn and David Geldard, Counselling Adolescents, 2nd (ed.), London SAGE Publications, 2004, 16.McDowell and Hostetler, Youth, 235.Keith Olson, Counselling Teenagers, Loveland Group Books, 1984, 476.Keith Olson, Counselling Teenagers, Loveland Group Books, 1984, 480.McDowell and Hostetler, Youth, 239-241.Judy Jack Balswick and Boni Don Piper, Relationship-Empowerment Parenting, Grand Rapids Baker Books, 2003, 18.